Threats

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The threats captured by the DOPA Validator are the following ones, using the IUCN standard classification
  • 1 Residential & commercial development
    • 1.1 Housing & urban areas
    • 1.2 Commercial & industrial areas
    • 1.3 Tourism & recreation areas

  • 2 Agriculture & aquaculture
    • 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
      • 2.1.1 Shifting agriculture
      • 2.1.2 Small-holder farming
      • 2.1.3 Agro-industry farming
      • 2.1.4 Scale Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 2.2 Wood & pulp plantations
      • 2.2.1 Small-holder plantations
      • 2.2.2 Agro-industry plantations
      • 2.2.3 Scale Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 2.3 Livestock farming & ranching
      • 2.3.1 Nomadic grazing
      • 2.3.2 Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming
      • 2.3.3 Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming
      • 2.3.4 Scale Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 2.4 Marine & freshwater aquaculture
      • 2.4.1 Subsistence/artisanal aquaculture
      • 2.4.2 Industrial aquaculture
      • 2.4.3 Scale Unknown/Unrecorded

  • 3 Energy production & mining
    • 3.1 Oil & gas drilling
    • 3.2 Mining & quarrying
    • 3.3 Renewable energy

  • 4 Transportation & service corridors
    • 4.1 Roads & railroads
    • 4.2 Utility & service lines
    • 4.3 Shipping lanes
    • 4.4 Flight paths

  • 5 Biological resource use
    • 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
      • 5.1.1 Intentional use (species being assessed is the target)
      • 5.1.2 Unintentional effects (species being assessed is not the target)
      • 5.1.3 Persecution/control
      • 5.1.4 Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
      • 5.2.1 Intentional use (species being assessed is the target)
      • 5.2.2 Unintentional effects (species being assessed is not the target)
      • 5.2.3 Persecution/control
      • 5.2.4 Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
      • 5.3.1 Intentional use: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is the target) [harvest]
      • 5.3.2 Intentional use: large scale (species being assessed is the target) [harvest]
      • 5.3.3 Unintentional effects: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is not the target) [harvest]
      • 5.3.4 Unintentional effects: large scale (species being assessed is not the target) [harvest]
      • 5.3.5 Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 5.4 Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources
      • 5.4.1 Intentional use: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is the target) [harvest]
      • 5.4.2 Intentional use: large scale (species being assessed is the target) [harvest]
      • 5.4.3 Unintentional effects: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is not the target) [harvest]
      • 5.4.4 Unintentional effects: large scale (species being assessed is not the target) [harvest]
      • 5.4.5 Persecution/control
      • 5.4.6 Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded

  • 6 Human intrusions & disturbance
    • 6.1 Recreational activities
    • 6.2 War, civil unrest & military exercises
    • 6.3 Work & other activities

  • 7 Natural system modifications
    • 7.1 Fire & fire suppression
      • 7.1.1 Increase in fire frequency/intensity
      • 7.1.2 Suppression in fire frequency/intensity
      • 7.1.3 Trend Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 7.2 Dams & water management/use
      • 7.2.1 Abstraction of surface water (domestic use)
      • 7.2.2 Abstraction of surface water (commercial use)
      • 7.2.3 Abstraction of surface water (agricultural use)
      • 7.2.4 Abstraction of surface water (unknown use)
      • 7.2.5 Abstraction of ground water (domestic use)
      • 7.2.6 Abstraction of ground water (commercial use)
      • 7.2.7 Abstraction of ground water (agricultural use)
      • 7.2.8 Abstraction of ground water (unknown use)
      • 7.2.9 Small dams
      • 7.2.10 Large dams
      • 7.2.11 Dams (size unknown)
    • 7.3 Other ecosystem modifications

  • 8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
    • 8.1 Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases
      • 8.1.1 Unspecified species
      • 8.1.2 Named species
    • 8.2 Problematic native species/diseases
      • 8.2.1 Unspecified species
      • 8.2.2 Named species
    • 8.3 Introduced genetic material
    • 8.4 Problematic species/diseases of unknown origin
      • 8.4.1 Unspecified species
      • 8.4.2 Named species
    • 8.5 Viral/prion-induced diseases
      • 8.5.1 Unspecified "species" (disease)
      • 8.5.2 Named "species" (disease)
    • 8.6 Diseases of unknown cause

  • 9 Pollution
    • 9.1 Domestic & urban waste water
      • 9.1.1 Sewage
      • 9.1.2 Run-off
      • 9.1.3 Type Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 9.2 Industrial & military effluents
      • 9.2.1 Oil spills
      • 9.2.2 Seepage from mining
      • 9.2.3 Type Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 9.3 Agricultural & forestry effluents
      • 9.3.1 Nutrient loads
      • 9.3.2 Soil erosion, sedimentation
      • 9.3.3 Herbicides and pesticides
      • 9.3.4 Type Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 9.4 Garbage & solid waste
    • 9.5 Air-borne pollutants
      • 9.5.1 Acid rain
      • 9.5.2 Smog
      • 9.5.3 Ozone
      • 9.5.4 Type Unknown/Unrecorded
    • 9.6 Excess energy
      • 9.6.1 Light pollution
      • 9.6.2 Thermal pollution
      • 9.6.3 Noise pollution
      • 9.6.4 Type Unknown/Unrecorded

  • 10 Geological events
    • 10.1 Volcanoes
    • 10.2 Earthquakes/tsunamis
    • 10.3 Avalanches/landslides

  • 11 Climate change & severe weather
    • 11.1 Habitat shifting & alteration
    • 11.2 Droughts
    • 11.3 Temperature extremes
    • 11.4 Storms & flooding
    • 11.5 Other impacts

  • 12 Other options
    • 12.1 Other threats